JAMB Physics Key Points

March 12, 2026 admin Uncategorized 0

JAMB Physics Key Points for 2026 – 150 Hot Topics

Welcome to your ultimate JAMB Physics 2026 study guide! These 150 key points cover all frequently tested topics in JAMB UTME Physics. They are highly repeated questions, likely to appear in 2026, and useful for last-minute revision.

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Physics Keypoints – Quick Overview

These key points are prepared based on the JAMB Physics syllabus, and are designed to cover most topics in JAMB UTME Physics. While they are not arranged strictly by topic, they cover Mechanics, Thermodynamics, Waves, Electricity & Magnetism, Optics, Modern Physics, and more.

10 Hot Key Points

  1. Classification of waves:

    • Mechanical (e.g., Water, Sound)

    • Electromagnetic (e.g., Gamma rays, X-rays)

    • Progressive/Traveling (e.g., Water, Sound)

    • Stationary/Standing (Nodes & Antinodes)

    • Longitudinal (Sound Waves)

    • Transverse (Waves in Pipe, Strings)

  2. Stationary waves occur when two waves of same amplitude and frequency travel in opposite directions.

  3. Velocity of sound: Air = 332 m/s, Water = 1435 m/s, Iron = 5000 m/s

  4. Velocity of echo = Total distance ÷ Time taken

  5. Sound quality depends on the number of harmonics/overtones

  6. Types of vibration: Free, Forced, Resonance

  7. An eclipse occurs because light travels in a straight line

  8. Applications of plane mirrors: Periscope, Kaleidoscope, Sextant

  9. Refraction occurs at constant frequency

  10. Hydrogen spectrum contains all colors of white light; Sodium = yellow line; Mercury = Blue & Green

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20 Additional Hot Points

  1. Electrolysis is the chemical effect of current

  2. Current through a liquid does not obey Ohm’s law

  3. Magnetic field lines are oval in shape

  4. Angle of dip: 90° at poles, 0° at equator

  5. Magnetic strength is greatest at the poles

  6. Electric charges are multiples of electron charge

  7. Factors affecting capacitance: Area, Distance, Dielectric

  8. Dielectrics: Paraffin wax, Polythene, Ebonite, Glass

  9. Sliding friction < Limiting friction

  10. EMF = Algebraic sum of potential differences in a circuit

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30 Key Points from Hot Topics

  1. Electromagnetism: Current produced from magnet

  2. Induced EMF in a closed circuit produces induced current

  3. Eddy currents used in damping, speedometers, induction coils

  4. Transformers step up or step down voltage at same frequency

  5. Inductors are used in choke making

  6. Choke varies current in circuits

  7. Induced voltage = Rate of change of magnetic flux

  8. Solar cells convert sunlight to electric energy

  9. Local action caused by impurities in zinc plates

  10. Eddy currents are reduced by lamination

40 Hot JAMB UTME Key Points

  1. Induction coil steps up voltage in DC circuit

  2. Generators operate on self-induction principle

  3. DC does not oscillate; no frequency

  4. Telephone earpiece works on magnetic effect of current

  5. Plane mirrors: Object size = Image size

  6. Factors affecting resistance: Length, Area, Temperature, Material

  7. Triangular prism + two convex lenses produce pure spectrum

  8. If light energy < Work function → no electron emitted

  9. Work function: Energy to produce threshold frequency (W = hf)

  10. Uncertainty principle applies to atoms, not macroscopic objects

80 Likely JAMB Physics Questions and Notes

  1. Total internal reflection applications: Mirage, Fish under water

  2. Binding energy causes mass defect

  3. Bismuth is diamagnetic

  4. Current = Rate of flow of charge

  5. Kirchhoff’s Current Law: Σ I(in) = Σ I(out)

  6. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law: Σ V around loop = 0

  7. Refrigerants: Ammonia, Ethyl Chloride

  8. Kaleidoscope produces different color patterns

  9. Convert galvanometer to ammeter: Connect shunt resistor

  10. As temperature ↑, speed of sound ↑

  11. Ground radiates heat at night → colder

  12. Escape velocity: v = √(2G M / R)

  13. Transverse & longitudinal waves differ in particle vibration direction

  14. Flow differences in fluids due to viscous force

  15. Doping alters semiconductor conductivity

  16. Polarization confirms water waves are transverse

  17. Common-emitter output voltage: Through base

  18. Rolling ball on smooth ground: Motion = translational

  19. Vapour in equilibrium with liquid = saturated

  20. Thermos flask heat loss minimized by silvered walls

  21. North pole cannot be separated from south → magnetic dipole

  22. Iron spoon heats due to conduction

  23. Constant-volume gas thermometer: Pressure law

  24. Saturated vapour definition repeats

  25. Red light travels faster than blue in glass: Refractive index difference

  26. Heat in saucepan: Conduction + Convection

  27. Centripetal force: Pulls object toward center in circular motion

  28. Radiation: Energy travelling through space

  29. Relative motion involves two bodies

  30. Loudspeaker emits longitudinal waves

  31. Prolongation of sound after source removed: Reverberation

  32. Telephone mouthpiece converts sound → electrical

  33. Musical note quality depends on harmonics

  34. Resultant force in a couple = 0

  35. Micrometer screw gauge measures thin wire diameter

  36. Rainbow viewed through blue sheet → appears blue

  37. Slope of velocity-time graph → uniform acceleration

  38. Cycle/sec = Hertz

  39. Trombone: Wind instrument

  40. Chemical balance measures mass

  41. Sound cannot be polarized

120 Repeated Questions in JAMB Physics

  1. Neutron discovered by James Chadwick, 1932

  2. Mass of nucleus = Protons + Neutrons

  3. Series resistors 200Ω, 500Ω, 1kΩ, battery 6V → Potential difference across 200Ω = 0.71V

  4. AC 1A, 800Hz, coil L=2.5mH, R=5Ω → Power = 5W

  5. Semiconductor carriers = Electrons + Holes

  6. Girl moving towards mirror 4 m/s → Image distance reduces 8 m/s

  7. 1 Newton × 1 meter = 1 Joule

  8. Resultant force = single force producing same effect

  9. Screw jack pitch 0.2 cm, bar 23 cm → Velocity ratio = 230

  10. Magnetic equator angle of dip at Jos = 0°

  11. Apparent frequency of horn: 1.22 kHz

  12. Wavefront: Line/section through advancing wave (particles in phase)

  13. Yield point: Molecules of wire slide → rapid extension

  14. Thermometer 2°C → 100°C, reads 51°C → Actual 50°C

  15. Circular motion → constant speed + acceleration

  16. Box mass 500kg, force 2000N → Friction coefficient = 0.4

  17. Heat supplied → Temp change ratio → Specific heat ratio = 1:1

  18. Helium 0.354g at 273°C & 114 cmHg → Volume = 200.026 cm³

  19. Heat transferred in matter → free electrons

  20. Depth of sea measured by reflection

  21. Sun attraction ceases → Earth moves tangentially (Newton’s 1st law)

  22. Heat through vacuum → Radiation

  23. Iris functions like camera diaphragm

  24. Projectile 4kg, height 1m → PE = 1600J

  25. Second hand 0.1m → speed = 1.05 × 10^-2 m/s

  26. Work done → Gravitational potential energy

  27. Copper rod 5m, ΔT=20°C → Expansion = 1mm; 2.5m rod ΔT=5°C → Expansion = 0.25mm

  28. Lead-acid battery safety: Maintain electrolyte gravity

  29. Relative humidity: 0.05g/0.15g → 33.33%

  30. Prism angular dispersion depends on refractive index

  31. Liquids/gases conduct heat less efficiently than solids

  32. Equilibrium: Sum of forces = 0

  33. Volume of irregular stone → Measuring cylinder

  34. Blue flower appears blue → Reflects blue light

  35. Curie point: Temperature where magnetic properties change

  36. Gamma emission → No effect on mass/atomic number

  37. EM waves not deflected by magnetic/electric fields

  38. Alpha particle = helium nucleus

  39. Alpha, beta, gamma emitted from atomic nucleus

  40. Heat can be obtained from renewable/non-renewable sources

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